A job description is a basic HR management tool that can help to increase individual and organizational effectiveness.

The process of writing a job description requires having a clear understanding of the job’s duties and responsibilities. A job description is a list that a person might use for general tasks, or functions, and responsibilities of a position. It may often include to whom the position reports and specifications such as the qualifications or skills needed by the person in the job. Job descriptions are usually narrative, but some may instead comprise a simple list of competencies.

Job descriptions are also the foundation for most HR management activities:

• Recruitment – Job descriptions are used to develop a recruitment campaign.
• Selection – Interview questions, hiring criteria and the screening process are based on the duties and qualification outlined in the job description.
• Orientation – Employees can see how their position relates to other positions in the organization.
• Training – Job descriptions are used to identify areas where the employee does not adequately meet the qualifications of the position and therefore needs training.
• Supervision – The job description can be used by the employee and the supervisor to help establish a work plan.